TENS Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator (TENS) consists of an electrical pulse generator connected by wire to two or more electrodes that apply electrical stimulation to the surface of the skin at the site of pain. The stimulation of sensory nerves is intended to block pain signals and may also generate endorphins. TENS has been used to reduce chronic intractable pain, post-surgical pain, and pain associated with active or post-trauma injury unresponsive to other standard pain therapies. .
Michael Alvaro, Dinesh Kumar, Inderjeet S. Julka
Transcutaneous cranial electrical stimulation (TCES): a review 1998.
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) is also a widely applied technique for muscle atrophy treatment, muscle force training, endurance training, pain treatment, functional movement therapy, and the restoration of motor functions. Effect of Transcutaneous Electrostimulation on Noise-Induced Temporary Threshold Shift 1Department of Otolaryngology, Meiji College of Oriental Medicine, Kyoto, Japan †Correspondence: Masayoshi Tachibana, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, Building 36, Room 5D-08, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA The effect of transcutaneous electrostimulation around the ear before and during noise exposure on noise-induced temporary threshold shift (TTS) was examined in 26 volunteers. Electrostimulation reduced TTS in the majority of cases and the reduction was statistically significant. Two possible mechanisms for this reduction are proposed: stimulation of the olivocochlear bundle and alteration of cochlear blood flow. Transcutaneous electrostimulation may be useful for prevention or treatment of noise induced hearing damage and for treatment of tinnitus Cranial electrostimulation for headache: meta-analysis. McCrory DC |